Emission Simulation

Overview

When to use emission simulation and the end-to-end workflow

Emission simulation places an internal dipole source (EML — emissive layer) inside the layered stack and computes how the emitted power couples into each outward direction. Use it for outcoupling efficiency and loss-channel analysis in OLED and QLED devices, angular and spectral emission profiling, and emission color (CIE chromaticity) evaluation. Unlike propagation simulation, emission detectors are driven by in-layer emitters and are entirely independent of incident light, incident angle, polarization ratio, and related propagation-side settings.

Emission simulation reuses the structure-modeling workflow of propagation simulation. The device layer stack (electrodes, transport layers, and the emissive layer — order, thickness, refractive-index model, layer groups, and surrounding media) is still built on the Structure page; see Structure Configuration. This section covers only the emitter configuration and emission detectors layered on top of an existing structure.

When to use

Goal	Detector(s)
Outcoupling efficiency / EQE and per-channel fractions (Top Outcoupling, Bottom Outcoupling, Substrate, Waveguide, Evanescent, Absorption, Non-radiative)	`Mode`
Loss-channel analysis: dipole power coupling vs. in-plane wavevector (nEff, in-plane k, or u)	`Power Dissipation`
Far-field angular and spectral intensity distribution	`Intensity`
Emission color (CIE chromaticity; requires wavelength sweep 360–780 nm at step ≤ 5 nm)	`Intensity` (with Intensity Color enabled)

Workflow

Mark an emissive layer: on the Structure page, enable the Emis. toggle for the target layer, expand the emitter editor, and configure at least one emitter (spectrum type, dipole orientation, position, distribution). See Emitter Setup.
Enable emission detectors: switch to the Emission lane on the Optics page, check Power Dissipation, Intensity, and/or Mode as needed, and configure wavelength mode and detector-specific parameters. See Emission Detectors.
Run: click the toolbar Run button — propagation and emission calculations are completed in a single run.
Read results: navigate the results sidebar to Power Dissipation, Intensity, Intensity Color, Normalized Spectrum, Normalized Angular Distribution, Mode, and Emission pages.

The Emission result page (Purcell Factor, Decay Rate Enhancement, Quantum Efficiency, Lifetime) depends on Mode detector results. It shows no data if the Mode detector was not enabled.

Running emission

A single Run orchestrates propagation (TMM) and emission in sequence within one shared context:

The propagation phase runs first, followed by the emission phase; both share one abort controller.
A non-fatal propagation failure does not cancel the emission phase — errors are isolated per phase.
The three emission detectors (Power Dissipation, Intensity, Mode) are submitted in parallel; failure in one detector does not affect the others.
Clicking Stop in the toolbar cancels the current run; results from completed phases are retained and incomplete phases are halted.

If no enabled emissive layer (EML) is present in the structure, the Emission lane on the Optics page shows an informational banner, but detector configuration controls remain accessible.

Emitter Setup — how to add emitters, configure spectrum type, dipole orientation, distribution, and position
Emission Theory — theoretical background on dipole radiation and optical-cavity coupling

Optimizer

Optimization objectives, variables, grid parameters, and algorithm configuration

Emitter Setup

Mark an emissive layer and configure its emitters

Overview

When to use

Workflow

Running emission

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